自噬作为分子靶点用于肿瘤治疗的研究进展

Research Progress on Autophagy As a Molecular Target for Tumor Treatment

细胞自噬(autophagy)是一种在进化上极度保守的代谢机制,是真核细胞利用溶酶体清除并回收折叠错误、变性、受损或衰老的蛋白质以及细胞器的过程。当机体内环境遭遇低氧、饥饿等内源、外源性刺激时,细胞通过自噬来维持内环境的稳定以及基因组的完整性。近年来,大量研究表明,细胞自噬的功能异常在肿瘤的发生发展中扮演着重要的角色。该文回顾了自噬的分子机制,讨论了自噬在肿瘤发生发展中促进以及抑制的"双面作用",并总结了近年来通过靶向自噬来治疗肿瘤的研究进展。

Autophagy is an highly evolutionarily conserved catabolic mechanism,by which eukaryotic cells deliver cellular materials to lysosomes for degradation,leading to the breakdown and eventual turnover of the resulting macromolecules.Thus,autophagy provides the cells with a sustainable source of biomolecules and energy for the maintenance of homeostasis under stressful conditions such as tumor microenvironment.Recent progress has demonstrated that the disorder of autophagy is closely related to the formation and development of some malignant tumors.Here,molecular mechanism and regulation in tumor of autophagy are reviewed.Finally,the data from published autophagy research in tumor is discussed.