基于响应面法的多材料优化模型与应用

Multi-material optimization model based on response surface method and its application

基于二阶响应面法,建立高效多材料、多目标优化模型,研究降低某款汽车座椅骨架总质量的各零部件材料和厚度的最优设计方案。利用多目标优化方法定义了优化问题,采用最优拉丁方试验设计方法在样本空间进行采样,同时为了提高优化求解效率,采用二阶响应面近似模型拟合设计变量与响应之间的关系,并利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对优化问题进行求解。应用中,以减轻座椅骨架总质量和提升一阶模态为优化目标,定义各零部件的材料类型及厚度为设计变量,得出材料和厚度的最优设计方案,并依据相应国标对优化方案进行校验。结果表明,在满足各项国标的前提下,该方法准确有效,在提升一阶模态的同时,实现了对座椅骨架的轻量化设计。

Based on the second-order response surface method, a multi-material and multi-objective optimization model was established, and the optimal design for the lightweight on a kind of vehicle seat was researched. The optimization problem was defined as a multi-objective optimization problem. Sampling points were obtained by using the optimal Latin hypercube experimental method. To improve the efficiency of the optimization problem, a second-order response surface approximation model was used to fit the relationship between the design variables and the response. Then the fast elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ) was used to solve the optimization problem. To reduce the total mass of vehicle seat and increase the first-order modal in the application, the material type and the thickness of each component was defined as design variables. The optimal design of material and thickness was obtained and verified according to the national regulations. The results showed that the method was accurate and effective, and the lightweight design of the seat structure was realized while improving the first-order mode of the vehicle seat.