小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘过敏体质与相关免疫学指标分析

Analysis of allergic constitution and related immunological indexes of cough variant asthma in children

目的通过分析咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)患儿的过敏体质相关因素及相关免疫学指标如IgE、IL-4、IL-13的变化,探讨患儿的免疫学发病机制。方法选取2016年9月至2019年5月惠州市第二妇幼保健院儿科住院部收治的CVA发作期患儿75例,采用调查问卷法分析CVA患儿过敏体质的相关因素;用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA法)检测CVA患儿急性期、缓解期血清总IgE、IL-4、IL-13水平变化。另选取同期50名正常体检儿为正常对照组。结果 CVA患儿多有过敏史或家族过敏病史;CVA患儿急性期血清总IgE水平明显高于缓解期,且明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);CVA患儿急性期血清IL-13水平高于缓解期,且明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);CVA患儿急性期血清IL-4水平显著高于缓解期,两者显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论 CVA患儿过敏体质与IgE抗体类别转换密切相关。

Objective To investigate the immunological pathogenesis of children with cough variant asthma(CVA). Methods 75 cases of children with CVA who were admitted to the Pediatric Inpatient Department of Huizhou Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September2016 to May 2019 were selected. The related factors of allergic constitution in CVA children were analyed by questionnaire. Detecte the changes of serum total IgE, IL-4 and IL-13 in the acute and remission stages of CVA by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). At the same time 50 cases of normal children were selected as normol control group. Results Most children with CVA have allergy history or family allergy history.The serum total IgE level in the acute phase of CVA was significantly higher than that in the remission phase, and the two levels were significantly higher than that in the normal control group(P<0.01). The serum IL-13 and IL-4 level in the acute and the remission phase of CVA was significantly higher than that in the normal control group(P<0.01). Conclusion There is close relationship between allergic constitution and IgE antibody category conversion in children with CVA.