山区耕地细碎化对土地利用集约度影响——以贵州省亚鱼村为例

Farmland fragmentation and land use intensity in mountain areas:A case study of Yayu Village, Guizhou Province

为探索耕地细碎化与土地利用集约度之间的关系,论文以贵州省亚鱼村为例,利用无人机高分辨率影像和农户调查数据,在对比不同通勤距离情景耕地细碎化测度模型准确性的基础上,计算农户耕地细碎化指数,并定量分析不同农户耕地细碎化水平对土地利用集约度的影响。结果表明:对比分析6种通勤距离情景耕地细碎化测度结果,发现农户耕作地块到其宅基地的道路网络距离情景下测度耕地细碎化水平准确度更高;这一情景下亚鱼村平均农户耕地细碎化指数是187.98,该村农户耕作通勤时间成本高;随着农户耕地细碎化程度加剧,农业经营中劳动力投入、资本投入和作物产值呈不同程度的下降趋势,其中资本投入中,耕地细碎化对省工性投入的影响最为显著;山区农业人口乡城迁移背景下农村细碎的耕地资源促使农户加快退出农业生产,导致耕地低效利用,甚至撂荒。

To explore the relationship between farmland fragmentation and land use intensity,based on unmanned aerial vehicle high-resolution images and household survey data,and by comparing the accuracy of the measurement model of farmland fragmentation under different distance scenarios,this study calculated the farmland fragmentation index for Yayu Village,Guizhou Province and quantitatively analyzed the impact of different levels of farmland fragmentation on land use intensity.The farmland fragmentation measurement results of six distance scenarios show that road network from the farmers’farming plots to their homesteads was more accurate in measuring the level of farmland fragmentation.In this scenario,the average farmland fragmentation index in Yayu Village was 187.98,and time for commuting was high for the farmers.As the degree of farmland fragmentation of farmers intensified,labor input,capital input,and crop output value in agricultural management showed a downward trend in varying degrees.Among the capital inputs,the impact of farmland fragmentation on labor-saving input was most significant.In the context of migration of mountainous agricultural population,the fragmented farmland resources in rural areas had prompted farmers to speed up their withdrawal from agricultural production,resulting in inefficient use of farmland and even land abandonment.