microRNA-胶质细胞调控网络在放射性脑损伤中的研究现状与展望

The research status and prospects of microRNA-glial regulatory network in radiation-induced brain injury

放射性脑损伤(radiation-induced brain injury,RBI)是头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后最为严重的并发症,发病机制复杂,临床病程不可逆且缺乏有效的治疗手段。胶质细胞激活是RBI的主要学说之一,靶向胶质细胞防治RBI是当前研究的热点。microRNA(miRNA)作为一种转录后调控因子,已被证实参与调节胶质细胞辐射敏感性,炎症类型转化,自噬,外泌体,长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)、环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)等相关通路,从而介导中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)疾病炎症级联损伤及神经功能修复的发生发展。因此,本文以RBI与miRNA-胶质细胞调控网络的联系为基点,概述了当前可用于防治RBI潜在的通路与方法。

Radiation-induced brain injury(RBI)is the most serious complication of head and neck tumor after radiotherapy.The pathogenesis of RBI is complicated,and the clinical course is irreversible,while no effective treatment available.The activation of glial cells is one of the main theories of RBI,and the prevention and treatment of RBI by targeting glial cells is the focus of current research.As a post-transcriptional regulatory factor,microRNA(miRNA)has been confirmed to be involved in regulatingglial cell radiosensitivity,inflammation type transformation,autophagy,exosomatic,long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),circular RNA(circRNA)and other related pathways,thereby mediating the occurrence and development of cascade reaction of inflammatory injury and neurological function repair of central nervous system(CNS)disease.Therefore,the establishment of miRNA-glial regulatory network may provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of RBI.