大型复杂V型系列柴油机机体的共性特征研究

Study on Common Characteristics of Large Complex V-Type Series Diesel Engine Blocks

为了使整体铸造的铸造工艺规则在系列柴油机机体的铸造工艺设计和规模化生产中具有指导性、普适性和通用性,以V12型俄罗斯机体、V16型美国机体、V20型德国机体为对象,系统研究了上述三种大型复杂V型系列柴油机机体的共性特征。研究发现,三种机体在功能特性、材料特性及结构特性等方面均具有共同特征;三种机体的材料共性、功能共性、关键区一致性、关键模数相似性、孤立热节相似性等众多共性特征,使得V型系列柴油机机体主要缺陷的类型和产生位置大致相同。这也决定了机体生产的铸造工艺思路和工艺原则趋同,并由此制定了整体铸造V型系列柴油机机体的铸造工艺规则。且基于该规则实现了大型复杂V型系列柴油机机体的高品质规模化生产。

In order to make the casting process rules of monoblock casting have guidance,universality and generality in the casting process design and large-scale production of series diesel engine blocks,the common characteristics of three kinds of large and complex V series diesel engine blocks,i.e.V12 Russian engine block,V16 American engine block and V20 Germany engine block,were systematically studied.It is found that the three kinds of engine blocks have common characteristics in function characteristics,material characteristics and structure characteristics;due to the material commonness,function commonness,key area consistency,key modulus similarity,isolated hot spot similarity of the three engine blocks,the types and the producing positions of the main defects in these V-type series diesel engine blocks are the same,which also determine the casting process idea and the process principles of the engine block production to be in the same trend.Therefore,the casting process rules of the monoblock casting V-type series diesel engine blocks are established,and the high-quality large-scale production of the large,complex V-type series diesel engine blocks is realized based on the rule.