西方工业文化中的“国家理由”

Raison d’état” in Western Industrial Culture

工业文化是一个含义复杂的概念。作为中国工业主管部门推行的一种政策,“工业文化”一词指向了一种与工业化进程相伴生又推动了工业发展的价值观体系。[1]自亚当•斯密后,西方工业文化被主流经济学赋予了自由竞争及与之相关联的企业家精神等一般性意象,以成本、收益为考量的市场理性成为西方工业文化的显性标识。然而,考诸历史,哺育了工业革命的西方工业文化其实早于工业革命出现,H而“国家理由”在工业文化的形成中长期起着支配与支撑作用。

The article argues that the Industrial Revolution did not emerge from an ideal free-market environment. On the contrary, it is the product of the intervention of strong state power. However, the countries who have achieved industrialization through state power intentionally hid the role of state, and constructed a myth of universal "free market", and promoted it to less modernized countries.