《将鉴论断》作者与版本源流考--兼论其在东亚范围内的传播

A Study of the Author and the Origin of the Edition of the Jiangjianlunduan

《将鉴论断》一名《历代将鉴博议》,其作者旧题为“戴少望”或“戴溪”,然而通过对戴溪生平的考察,可以确知这一说法并不完全准确。包恢《敝帚稿略》所载《跋邓州通判饶公将鉴》表明,饶廷直才是此书的初撰者。《将鉴论断》中原无将领简传,朝鲜本《将鉴博议》中的传文系朝鲜世宗下令添加,现存朝鲜本并非直接翻刻自元至正本。《将鉴论断》在宋元明时期作为军事教育读本和武举考试参考书,得到较广泛的传播;在朝鲜王朝,《将鉴博议》更是被官方纳入武举考试范畴,备受重视;此书在日本也有流传。

The author of Jiangjianlunduan, which is also called Jiangjianboyi, is usually regarded as"Dai shaowang"or"Dai Xi". However, through the investigation of Dai Xi’s life, we can know that this statement is not completely accurate. The Ba Deng Zhou Tong Pan Jiang Jian, an article included in Bao Hui’s Bi Zhou Gao Lve, shows that Rao Tingzhi is the first author of this book. At first,there is no biography of generals in Jiangjianlunduan. The biography in Korean version jiangjianboyi was added by the order of Shizong of Korea. The existing Korean version is not directly transcribed from yuan to the original. As a reference book for military education and military examination in song, yuan and Ming Dynasties, the Jiangjianlunduan has been widely spread. In the Korean Dynasty, jiangjianboyi was officially included in the scope of military examination, which makes the book highly valued. The book has also spread in Japan.