“把”+构式的演化

Evolution of constructions containing BA

"把"既可以用作动词,也可以用作"把"字句的介词。含"把"的句式可分为3大类,语料库揭示它们出现的顺序是:单结构>双结构>"把"式结构。本文认为,"把"+构式演化的主要渐进条件是:1)相邻构式之间存在语义-句法的部分相同,因为演化是语义-句法渐进式的。2)语段中单结构句子和后续句子重复同现,导致双结构产生,句式信息量增加。3)双结构的进一步扩展和复杂化,导致语义节奏发生变化。4)节奏变化导致"把"的语义弱化,"把"式结构动词类频和"把"字句例频快速增加;使用频次增加又促使"把"式结构进一步变异。本文通过国家语委语料库(CNC)具体验证理论表述的合理性。

BA can be used as either a verb or a preposition in sentence patterns containing BA.There are three types of sentence patterns containing BA.The corpus reveals that they appear in the order of single structure>double structure>BA-sentence structure.This paper holds that the main progressive conditions for the evolution of constructions containing BA are:1)There are some semantic-syntactic similarities between adjacent constructions,because the evolution is a progressive semo-syntactic change.2)The repetition of single-structure sentences and subsequent sentences in a paragraph results in the rise of double-structure sentences,whose load of information increases.3)The further expansion and complication of double-structure sentences cause semantic rhythm change.4)The change of its semantic rhythm leads to the weakening of the meaning of BA,the rapid increase of the type frequency of verbs licensed in BA sentences and the further variation of BA sentences themselves.This paper uses the corpus provided by National Languages Committee to verify the rationality of the theory.