基于5G技术的煤矿智能化开采关键技术探索

Exploration of intelligent coal mining key technology based on 5G technology

5G的到来,极大地促进了云计算、大数据和人工智能等技术的深度融合,成为包括煤矿智能化开采在内的各行各业升级转型的关键基础设施,必将推动煤矿智能化开采技术的创新与变革。首先阐述了煤矿智能化开采的发展历程,总结了相关的政策支持和技术发展态势,系统分析了智能化开采技术在应用推广过程中亟待解决8个方面的问题,即:工作面自动找直技术、复杂环境下的高清晰可视化技术、煤炭开采多场动态信息融合的4D透明地质构建技术、煤岩自动识别及智能截割技术、高质量传感器研制与多传感器数据融合技术、采矿工艺智能化技术、煤炭智能化开采的微服务系统平台架构、危险源智能感知与预警技术;并从宏观角度分析凝练了技术方面的制约因素,提出以5G技术为核心汇聚而成的技术生态必将成为解决上述问题的一种有效手段。其次,深入研究了通信技术和煤矿开采技术之间的关系,分析了5G技术在智能化开采中的特点和优势,构建了智能化开采核心技术与5G技术生态关联矩阵,指出5G大带宽、泛在万物互联、低时延高可靠、切片技术等特性和技术在煤矿智能化开采发展中的关键支撑作用,阐述了5G生态在煤矿智能化开采中的重要性,并展望了随着5G技术生态的不断成熟,煤矿智能化开采将探索衍生出的一些高效关键技术和生产管理模式。最后,从多个方面探索了5G技术在智能化开采中的关键应用,包括:系统计算分析管控模式、4D-GIS透明地质和实时推演、工作面自动找直、视频驱动的智能化开采、井下环境感知等。最后针对煤矿智能化开采提出了一种基于5G技术的解决方案以供探讨。

The arrival of 5 G technology has greatly promoted the in-depth integration of cloud computing,big data and artificial intelligence,and has become a key infrastructure for the upgrading and transformation of various industries including intelligent mining of coal mines,and will certainly promote the innovation and reform of intelligent mining technology of coal mines.Firstly,the development process of intelligent coal mining was expounded and the relevant policy support and technological development trends were summarized.Then,the paper systematically analyzed 8 problems that need to be solved in the application and promotion of intelligent mining technology,namely:automatic face straightening technology,high-definition visualization technology in complex environments,4 D transparent geological construction technology for coal mining multi-field dynamic information fusion,coal and rock automatic identification and intelligent cutting technology,high-quality sensor development and multi-sensor data fusion technology,intelligent technology of mining process,micro-service system platform architecture of intelligent coal mining,intelligent perception and early warning technology of dangerous sources,and elaborated in detail the various restricting factors for technological development,then it proposed that a 5 G technologybased technology ecosystem would surely become an effective mean to solve the above problems.Furthermore,based on the relationship between the development of communication technology and coal mining technology,this paper analyzed the characteristics and advantages of current 5 G technology in intelligent mining,and pointed out that the features and techniques of 5 G technology,such as large bandwidth,ubiquitous interconnection,low latency and high reliability,slicing technology and so on,strongly supported the development of intelligent coal mining development through the construction of core intelligent mining technology and 5 G technology ecological correlation matrix,which indicated the importance of 5 G technology ecology in intelligent mining of coal mines.Meanwhile,it also showed that with the continuous maturing of the 5 G technology ecology,there will be some new key technologies and production management models in intelligent mining of coal mines that need to be explored urgently.Finally,the key applicatios of 5 G technology in intelligent mining were explored from various aspects including system calculation,analysis,management and control mode,4 D-GIS transparent geology and real-time deduction,automatic face straightening,video-driven intelligent mining,and underground mining environmental perception,etc.A solution based on 5 G technology was proposed for the intelligent mining of coal mines for discussion.