西方民粹主义的主要表现及其对世界发展的影响

Main Manifestations of Western Populism and Their Impact on World Development

西方民粹主义根源于资本主义制度固有的缺陷,其内涵随着资本主义的发展不断发生变化。垄断资本主义阶段的资本主义社会出现财富分配不均、贫富差距加大、政府社会责任缺失、难民危机等一系列问题,尤其2008年金融危机以后,西方发达国家内部矛盾集聚升级,引发了普遍的治理恐慌,为缓和矛盾、维护统治,一种由统治阶级所主导的带有“孤立、排外、分离”特征的民粹主义运动再度兴起,其表现为政治上的极端民族主义、经济上的贸易保护主义与外交上的孤立主义。它将会短期助长逆全球化的势头,为霸权主义卷土重来提供可能性并危及世界稳定与安全,但它并不是历史的主流,不能改变世界各国同中国一道构建“人类命运共同体”的历史必然。

Western populism is rooted in the inherent shortcomings of the capitalist system,and its content constantly changes with the development of capitalism.A series of problems such as uneven wealth distribution,widening gap between rich and poor,lack of government social responsibility,and refugee crisis have emerged in the capitalist society at the stage of monopoly capitalism.Especially after the financial crisis in 2008,the internal conflicts and escalations in western developed countries have caused widespread In order to alleviate contradictions and maintain rule,a populist movement led by the ruling class with the characteristics of“isolation,xenophobia,and separation”has once again emerged.It is manifested in political extreme nationalism and economic trade,protectionism and diplomatic isolationism.It will contribute to the trend of counter-globalization in the short term,provide the possibility for a resurgence of hegemonism,and endanger the stability and security of the world.However,it is not the mainstream of history and cannot change the historical inevitable of all countries in the world to build a“community of human destiny”.