百年来中国大陆女子职业嬗变研究

A Study on the Career Evolution of Women in China's Mainland over the Last Century

职业与女性经济独立以及女性的社会地位有直接的联系。每个社会历史时期的女性职业都显示着其时代性特征,从民国时期女性开始走出家庭到社会上谋职,到中华人民共和国成立后女性同男性一样从事各种重体力劳动,到改革开放后女性在变革中大显身手,再到21世纪新时代女性更多凭借知识在社会中立足,甚至担任指挥者和决策者的角色,都彰显了这一点。这百年来,职业女性的人数在增多,女性职业的种类在增加、领域在拓宽、特点在变化。通过不同时期的电影、小说、画报,可以厘清近百年女性职业的发展变化,进而可以看到百年来中国妇女的解放进程以及女性对社会所作的贡献,从中亦得以窥见中国女性自强不息、不断探索的生命历程。

Occupation is directly related to women’s economic independence and their social status.Women’s occupation in each social and historical period shows characteristics of the time.Women began to go out of their families to seek jobs in the society since the Republic of China;they engaged in all kinds of heavy physical labor like men since the foundation of the PRC;they displayed their skills in the economic tide after the reform and opening up;in the new era of the 21st century,women are playing more important role in the society with their knowledge,such as commanders and decision makers.In the past hundred years,the number of women’s occupations is increasing,their fields are expanding,and the characteristics are changing.Through films,novels and pictorials in different periods,we can see the development and changes of women’s careers,the emancipation process of Chinese women and their contributions to the society,and the course of Chinese women’s self-improvement and constant exploration.