产妇知情同意权行使路径的异化与矫正

Alienation and Correction in the Practice of the Maternal Right to Know

2007年李丽云案促使2009年《侵权法》确立了知情同意权的相关规定,但其并未阻止2017年榆林产妇案的发生,其缘起于产妇知情同意权行使路径的严重异化。产妇单独行使产妇知情同意权具有正当性和强制性,且其与一般患者知情同意权无差异。应废除《侵权法》第56条中“不能取得患者或者其近亲属意见”的要件,修改《医疗机构管理条例》规定,并明确产妇知情同意权必须由产妇自己行使,不能通过任何形式转移给配偶等近亲属。在产妇无行为能力、采取保护性医疗行为等特殊情况下,其可由配偶或近亲属行使。同时,需明确医师紧急专断治疗的强制性、适用范围、适用条件等内容。

The Li Liyun case in 2007 prompted the establishment of the maternity right to know in the 2009 Tort Law,but it did not prevent the occurrence of the 17-year maternal case in Yulin for the severe alienation in the practice of the maternal right to know.The female reproductive rights are used to explain the legitimacy and compulsory feature of the maternal right,and it is clear that there is no difference between the right of being informed of general patients.Abolish the“Cannot obtain the opinions of patients or their close relatives”in Article 56 of the Tort Law,amend the Regulations on the Management of Medical Institutions to make it clear that the right of maternal right to know must be exercised by the mother,and cannot be transferred to the spouse or other close relatives.In special circumstances such as maternal incapacity and protective medical behavior,it can be exercised by a spouse or close relative.At the same time,clarify the compulsory,applicable scope,applicable conditions and other contents of the physician’s arbitrary treatment at emergency.