脑出血后脑损伤病理机制的研究进展

Research Progress in Pathological Mechanism of Brain Injury after Intracerebral Hemorrhage

脑出血是神经科常见急重症,致残率、复发率较高。脑内血管破裂后血液突然涌入脑组织可对其造成严重损伤,脑损伤成为脑出血的重要致残原因,同时也是临床治疗的难点。目前,脑损伤的病理机制研究主要集中在脑出血后血脑屏障破坏、脑水肿、炎症反应、氧化应激、细胞自噬与凋亡等方面。不同病理机制间互相作用和影响均可以加重脑损伤,因此未来对脑出血后脑损伤的研究应从多重角度出发,研究脑神经功能损伤前的脑保护及脑出血治疗药物的作用靶点。

Cerebral hemorrhage is a commonly seen acute and severe disease in neurology,with high disability and recurrence rates.The sudden influx of blood into the brain tissue after rupture of blood vessels can cause serious brain damage.Brain injury can be regarded as the important cause of disability after cerebral hemorrhage,and it is also a difficult point in the clinical treatment.The current research on the pathological mechanism of brain injury mainly focuses on blood-brain barrier disruption,brain edema,inflammatory response,oxidative stress,cell autophagy and apoptosis etc.Interactions and influences among different pathological mechanisms can all aggravate brain injury,therefore,the future research should focus on the exploration of brain protection before cerebral nerve function injury and the target of therapeutic drugs for cerebral hemorrhage from multiple perspectives.