大数据时代船员权益保护的法律对策考量

Consideration of legal countermeasures for protection of crew’s rights and interests in the era of big data

大数据时代为船员劳动权益保护提出创新发展路径。为完善现有船员保护法律体制机制,应构建由不同国家船舶公司信誉度指标评价数据库、船员及死亡船员家属维权云平台、海事法院判例数据库等平台共同构成的船员大数据系统。电子数据具有客观真实性与可预见性的优势,但也存在数据壁垒与信息孤立的弊端。当前,大数据的创新与现行法律法规在船员权益保障方面存在难以衔接等法律问题,亟待研究解决。船员大数据系统的构建必须以明确规范数据来源与权利主体、确保数据可视化与权益保护的合法性、运用法经济学法理论实现大数据与现行法律的良性循环为依托,为我国航运业智能化发展提供法治保障。

The era of big data proposes innovative development paths for the protection of crew ’s labor rights. In order to improve the existing legal system of crew protection,a big data system should be constructed to be composed of the evaluation index database of credibility of shipping companies in different countries,the rights protection cloud platform for the crew and family members of dead seafarers,and the maritime court case database.Electronic data has the advantages of objective authenticity and predictability,but it also has the draw backs of data barriers and information isolation. At present,there are legal issues such as the difficulty in linking the protection of crew ’s rights and interests w ith the innovation of big data and the current law s and regulations,w hich need to be studied and solved urgently. The construction of the crew ’s big data system must rely on the clear specification of data sources and right subjects,ensuring the legitimacy of data visualization and rights protection,and the use of law and economics theory to achieve a virtuous cycle of big data and existing law s,to provide the guarantee of the rule of law for the intellectualized development of shipping industry in China.