复合乳酸菌对早期断奶牦犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道发育及消化酶活性的影响

Effects of Compound Lactobacillus on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Intestinal Development and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Early-Weaned Yak Calves

本试验旨在研究复合乳酸菌对早期断奶牦犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道发育及消化酶活性的影响。选取28日龄断奶的公牦犊牛10头,随机分为2组(每组5个重复,每个重复1头牛),分别饲喂基础饲粮(CT组)和基础饲粮+复合乳酸菌(LBS组),每头牦犊牛饲喂的复合乳酸菌(乳酸片球菌∶戊糖片球菌∶植物乳杆菌=1∶1∶1)总活菌数为1.7×10^(10)CFU/d。试验期56 d。结果表明:1)整个试验期(第1~56天),LBS组的平均日增重、总干物质采食量和苜蓿草采食量均高于CT组(P>0.05),开食料采食量极显著高于CT组(P<0.01)。2)第56天时,LBS组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性极显著低于CT组(P<0.01);第28天时,LBS组的血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于CT组(P<0.05),LBS组的血清葡萄糖含量极显著高于CT组(P<0.01)。3)LBS组的十二指肠肌层厚度显著高于CT组(P<0.05),十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于CT组(P<0.01);LBS组的空肠黏膜厚度显著高于CT组(P<0.05),空肠肌层厚度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于CT组(P<0.01);LBS组的回肠隐窝深度显著低于CT组(P<0.05),回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于CT组(P<0.01)。4) LBS组的回肠黏膜肿瘤坏死因子-α含量极显著高于CT组(P<0.01),十二指肠和空肠黏膜干扰素-γ含量显著低于CT组(P<0.05),空肠黏膜白细胞介素-10和白细胞介素-4含量显著高于CT组(P<0.05)。5) LBS组的空肠和回肠胰蛋白酶活性显著高于CT组(P<0.05),回肠脂肪酶活性极显著高于CT组(P<0.01)。由此可见,饲喂复合乳酸菌能提高早期断奶牦犊牛的生长性能,增强营养物质的吸收利用能力,对肠道发育及免疫能力起到正向调控作用。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of compound Lactobacillus on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,intestinal development and digestive enzyme activities of early-weaned yak calves.Ten male yak calves(twenty-eight days weaned)were randomly divided into 2 groups(5 replicates in each group and 5 calves in each replicate),yak calves were feed the basal diet(group CT)and basal diet supplemented with compound Lactobacillus(group LBS),respectively.Each yak calf was offered 1.7×1010 CFU/d compound Lactobacillus(Pedicoccus acidilacticii∶Pediococcuspentosaceus∶Lactobacillus plantarum=1∶1∶1).The experiment lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:1)during the whole experimental period(days 1 to 56),the average daily gain,total dry matter intake and alfalfa intake of group LBS was higher than those of group CT(P>0.05),and the starter intake was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.01).2)On day 56,the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity of group LBS was significantly lower than that of group CT(P<0.01);on day 28,the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.05),and the serum glucose content of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.01).3)The muscularis thickness in duodenum of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.05),and the villus height/crypt depth in duodenum was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.01);the mucosal thickness in jejunum of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.05),and the muscularis thickness and villus height/crypt depth in jejunum were significantly higher than those of group CT(P<0.01);the crypt depth in ileum of group LBS was significantly lower than that of group CT(P<0.05),and the villus height/crypt depth in ileum was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.01).4)The ileum mucosa tumor necrosis factor-αcontent of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.01),the duodenum and jejunum mucosa interferon-γcontent was significantly lower than that of group CT(P<0.05),and the contents of interleukin-10 and interleukin-4 in jejunum mucosa were significantly higher than those of group CT(P<0.05).5)The jejunum and ileum trypsase activity of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.05),and the ileum lipase activity was significantly higher than that of group CT(P<0.01).In conclusion,feeding compound Lactobacillus can improve the growth performance of early-weaned yak calves,enhance the ability of nutrients absorption and utilization,and has positive regulatory effects on intestinal development and immunity.