基于居民健康大数据的肥胖与常见慢病关联规则分析

Association rule analysis of common chronic diseases and body shape based on health big data

目的探讨肥胖程度与常见慢性病之间的关联关系,为常见慢病的预防和管理提供大数据支撑。方法基于社区公共卫生系统数据集,通过使用Apriori关联规则算法挖掘高血压、冠心病、糖尿病这3种常见慢病与肥胖程度(超重或肥胖)之间的关联关系,并根据关联规则的支持度、置信度和提升度评价肥胖程度对发生常见慢病的影响。结果共对196554名居民的健康数据进行分析,高血压的患病率(48.6%)明显高于冠心病(22.9%)和糖尿病(20.3%),51.0%的人至少患有其中一种慢病,10.6%的人同时患有该3种慢病。关联规则分析结果显示,超重与高血压、冠心病之间均有强关联性,肥胖与高血压之间也有强关联性,而糖尿病与体型因素的关联性较弱。3种慢病之间均有强关联性,饮食嗜好与这3种慢病都有关联,老年人常常伴随发生高血压、糖尿病与冠心病。结论超重和肥胖会增加高血压、冠心病和糖尿病的发生风险,因此,为尽可能减少这些慢病的发生,健康人群要关注自身的肥胖情况,特别是老年人、有饮食偏好的人以及女性。

Objective To explore the potential association of body shape with common chronic diseases,and to provide big data based support for the prevention and management of the related diseases.Methods Apriori association rule analysis was conducted on data set exported from a community public health system to mine the association relationship between the degree of obesity(overweight or obesity)and hypertension,coronary heart disease and diabetes.The impact of obesity on the prevelance of common chronic diseases was evaluated according to the support,confidence and lift of the association rules.Results Among 196554 studied residents,the prevalence of hypertension(48.6%)was significantly higher than those of coronary heart disease(22.9%)and diabetes(20.3%).Fifty-one percent of them suffered from at least one of the three chronic diseases,while 10.6%of them had all the three chronic diseases at the same time.There was a strong correlation between overweight and hypertension,coronary heart disease,obesity and hypertension,while the correlation between diabetes and body shape was not.There was a strong correlation among the three chronic diseases.Dietary preferences were related to the three chronic diseases.The elderly often had hypertension,diabetes and coronary heart disease.Conclusions Overweight and obesity might increase the risk of hypertension,coronary heart disease and diabetes.People especially the elderly,women,and people with dietary preferences,should pay more attention to their body shape to reduce the incidence of these chronic diseases as much as possible.