基于双管液压减振器控制的车辆悬架振动研究

Research on vehicle suspension vibration based on double-tube hydraulic shock absorber control

车辆行驶至复杂路面时,由于路面的不平整度,导致车辆振动幅度较大。对此,创建了车辆悬架系统简图模型,采用二阶微分方程描述系统的振动模型,在单管液压减振器增加了一个额外的气缸,设计了双管液压减振器。分析了液压伺服阀中的流量变化特性,建立路面激励模型,采用Matlab软件对双管液压减振器控制效果进行仿真,并且与单管液压减振器进行对比。结果显示:车辆在三种路面激励条件下行驶,采用单管液压减振器,车身产生的最大位移和加速度较大;采用双管液压减振器,车身产生的最大位移和加速度较小。采用双管液压减振器,能够自适应调节减振器的阻尼特性,降低复杂路面对车辆振动的影响,提高车辆行驶的稳定性和安全性。

When a vehicle travels to a complex road surface,the vibration amplitude of the vehicle is large because of the unevenness of the road surface. To solve this problem,a sketch model of vehicle suspension system is established. The vibration model of the system is described by second-order differential equation. An additional cylinder is added to the single-tube hydraulic shock absorber and a double-tube hydraulic shock absorber is designed. The flow characteristics of hydraulic servo valve are analyzed,the road excitation model is established,and the control effect of double-tube hydraulic shock absorber is simulated by using Matlab software,and compared with single-tube hydraulic shock absorber. The results show that the maximum displacement and acceleration of the body are larger when the vehicle is driven under three kinds of road excitation conditions using single-tube hydraulic shock absorber,while the maximum displacement and acceleration of the body are smaller when using double-tube hydraulic shock absorber. The dual-tube hydraulic shock absorber can adjust the damping characteristics of the shock absorber adaptively,reduce the impact of complex road surface on vehicle vibration,and improve the stability and safety of vehicle driving.