案例分析学习模式在医学生妇产科临床思维能力培养中的应用

Application of case analysis learning model in the cultivation of clinical thinking ability of obstetrics and gynecology for medical students

培养合格的临床医师,医学生除了学习基础理论知识,还要训练分析、解决问题的能力,为今后进入临床奠定基础。妇产科学是理论性和实践性很强的学科。在妇产科临床教学中,由于妇产科教学部位的特殊性,出于对患者的保护,避免学习实践对患者造成伤害,加之患者自身保护意识增强,学生实际接触患者的机会有限。案例分析学习模式较好地解决了理论与实践脱节痛点,有助于医学生摆脱思维被动性、片面性、表面性、依赖性等问题。通过临床案例学习病史采集及医患沟通,诊断与鉴别诊断、临床实践操作等,逐步将基础理论知识转化为临床实践技能,丰富了教学和考核形式,有助于培养医学生妇产科临床思维能力。本文分析总结了妇产科临床医学教学中医学生临床思维能力培养存在的问题,分享了案例分析学习模式综合应用的经验体会,以期探寻有效的培养方法提高妇产科临床教学效果。

In order to train qualified clinicians,medical students not only need to learn basic theoretical knowledge,but also be trained how to analyze and solve problems,which is a foundation for clinical entry in the future.Gynecology and obstetrics is a very theoretical and practical subject.In clinical medical education,due to the particularity of the teaching site of obstetrics and gynecology,out of the protection for patients and the awareness of patients′own protection,to avoid the risk of injury to patients caused by practical mistakes,students have limited opportunities to actual contact patients.The case analysis learning model solves the problem of disconnection between theory and practice,and helps medical students to get rid of the problems of passivity,one-sidedness,dependence and so on.Through clinical case,medical students can learn medical history collection,doctor-patient communication,diagnosis and differential diagnosis,clinical operation and so on.That is a good way for students because the basic theory knowledge is gradually transformed into clinical practical skills which enrich the form of teaching and assessment,and it is helpful to cultivate the clinical thinking ability of medical students in gynecology and obstetrics.This article analyzes the problems existing in the cultivation of the medical students′clinical thinking ability in gynecology and obstetrics,and shares the experience in the application of case analysis learning model which may be helpful for seeking the effective cultivation methods to improve the clinical teaching effect of obstetrics and gynecology.