颗粒细胞增殖或凋亡在家禽卵泡发育中的调控作用

Regulation of Proliferation or Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells in Follicular Development in Poultry

作为影响家禽繁殖功能的重要器官,卵巢生理生殖活动活跃,可产生大量卵泡,而在家禽生殖过程中,绝大多数卵泡都闭锁或退化吸收。家禽卵巢中卵泡的生长和闭锁不仅受激素系统的调控,还受到卵巢内的激素类固醇、生长因子、细胞因子和细胞内蛋白等分子调控。除此之外,颗粒细胞也已被证明在卵泡生长过程中发挥着重要作用。文章讨论了影响卵泡生长和闭锁的因素,重点阐述了颗粒细胞的调节作用。

As an important organ in poultry reproduction, ovary is active in physiology, and many follicles can be produced, but most follicles are atretic or degraded throughout their reproductive life. Due to the numerous efforts of researchers, it has been clarified in poultry ovary that the mechanisms regulating follicular growth and atresia, not only the systemic regulation by hormones(gonadotropins), but also the intraovarian regulation by gonadal steroids, growth factors, cytokines and intracellular proteins. Particularly granulosa cells have been demonstrated to play a major role in growth of follicles, serving molecules that are essential for follicular growth and maintenance as well as killing themselves by an apoptotic process that results in follicular atresia. In this review, we discussed the factors that affect follicular growth and atresia, and focused on how granulocytes regulate these factors.