2017年全国主要城市废水排放情况统计分析及其对策

Statistical Analysis and Countermeasures of Waste Water Discharge in Chinese Major Cities in 2017

分析2017年全国主要城市废水排放的总体情况,为主要城市污水排放问题的治理给出相应的一些建议和对策。采用《中国统计年鉴》提供的2017年我国31个主要城市的废水排放数据,运用SPSS软件分别进行描述性分析、相关分析、聚类分析、因子分析。2017年我国主要城市废水中主要污染物来源于城镇生活废水,平均值达到59 499.3226万t。污染源可以解释成两部分,一是生活废水排放,二是工业化学废水排放。地区的经济发展状况与废水排放的情况相关。北京、上海、广州、成都、重庆等这些经济发展迅速的城市,废水排放量较大,应引起管理部门的重视,并实施积极措施做出有效管控。

To give some corresponding suggestions and countermeasures by analyzing the overall situation of Chinese major cities waste water discharge in 2017. Basing on the waste water discharge data of 31 Chinese major cities in 2017 provided by the "China Statistical Yearbook",we used SPSS to study the date from four angles:descriptive analysis,correlation analysis,clustering analysis and factor analysis. In 2017,the main pollutants in the discharge of Chinese major cities came from domestic waste water,which average reached 59499.3226 million tons. The pollution sources can be explained as two sections,one was domestic waste water,another was industrial chemical waste water. The economic development of the region was related to the discharge of waste water. The discharge of waste water is large in areas with rapid economic development,like Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Chengdu,Chongqing. This situation should attract the attention of management and implement positive measures to make effective control.