不同光质组合对生菜生长和能量利用效率的影响

Effect of different combinations of light wavelengths on growth and energy use efficiency of lettuce

【目的】筛选较优的光质组合,提高人工光植物工厂生菜产量和能量利用效率。【方法】以光强为200μmol/(m 2·s),R/B为4/1的红蓝光(RB)为对照,在光强为150μmol/(m 2·s),R/B为4/1的红蓝背景光基础上,分别添加50μmol/(m 2·s)的绿光(G)、黄光(Y)、橙光(O)和远红光(FR)组成4种不同光质组合处理,分别用RBG、RBY、RBO和RBFR表示,对不同光质组合处理生菜的生长及形态、光合能力、能量利用效率等指标进行比较研究。【结果】RBG、RBO和RBFR处理生菜地上部鲜质量较RB处理分别增加14.5%,14.5%和30.8%,地上部干质量分别增加13.3%,24.1%和29.9%(P<0.05)。RBG处理可以增加生菜的株高、总叶面积、净光合速率和能量利用效率。与RB处理相比,RBY处理对生菜的地上部干、鲜质量影响不显著;RBO处理可以提高生菜叶片的光合能力和能量利用效率。RBFR处理可以增加生菜的地上部干、鲜质量,但在实际生产中,生菜叶片较易出现烧尖现象。【结论】RBG和RBO是工光植物工厂生产中较为合适的光质组合。

【Objective】To improve lettuce yield and energy use efficiency in a plant factory with artificial light,the optimal combination of light wavelengths for lettuce was selected.【Method】The mixture of red(R,662 nm)and blue(B,447 nm)light with an R/B ratio of 4∶1 and light intensity of 200μmol/(m 2·s)was set as the control(RB)and four treatments were set up by supplementing the control with 50μmol/(m 2·s)green light(G,525 nm,RBG),yellow light(Y,592 nm,RBY),orange light(O,605 nm,RBO)and far-red light(FR,742 nm,RBFR),respectively.Growth,morphology,photosynthetic ability and energy use efficiency of lettuce were investigated.【Result】Compared with RB,RBG,RBO and RBFR increased shoot fresh weight of lettuce by 14.5%,14.5%,and 30.8%,and increased shoot dry weight by 13.3%,24.1%and 29.9%,respectively.RBG increased height,total leaf area,net photosynthetic rate of lettuce and energy use efficiency.RBY had no significant influence on growth.RBO increased photosynthetic ability of lettuce and energy use efficiency.RBFR increased yield,but led to easy injury of tip burn.【Conclusion】RBG and RBO can be considered as suitable combinations of light wavelengths for lettuce production in a plant factory with artificial light.