本色之上求格调——论况周颐的女性词批评

Pursuing the Style beyond the Natural Character——The Female Ci’s Criticism of KuangZhouyi

况周颐"别用一种眼光"评女性词,肯定女性词轻灵丽慧的本色特征,体现了尊重女性性情的批评视角。在本色之外,况周颐也对女性词提出了深稳沉著之格调的期许。对女性词本色的肯定关合着他对词体本色的体认,而格调的要求则受"重拙大"词旨的影响。在本色之上求格调的观念实与其自身治词经历与词学观的前后转变如出一辙。况周颐论女性词以女学渐兴为背景,其道德批评的内容由以往贞节问题的讨论扩展到整个女德的重构,其女性词批评亦带有树立女德典范的用心。

Kuang Zhouyi affirms female Ci’s natural character of lightness and ingenuity by saying"Using another attitude to evaluate female Ci",which reflects his critical perspective of respecting female temperament.In addition to his opinion about natural character,he also raised expectations for the deep and steady style of female Ci.His affirmation of natural character of female Ci is closely related to his recognition of the true nature of Ci.The requirement of style is affected by the content of"heavy,plain and great".The concept of seeking style on the basis of the natural character is the same as his own experience of learning Ci.Because of the development of female education,Kuang’s criticism,which is intended to set patterns for woman’s morals,expands from discussion on chastity to reconstruction of woman’s morals.