通过SARS和MERS对COVID⁃19的最新认识

Recent Insights into COVID⁃19 Through Study of SARS and MERS

自新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情暴发以来,有关新型冠状病毒的研究非常多,且借鉴对冠状病毒的现有研究,2019新型冠状病毒的感染机理也逐步认识。对于这种新型冠状病毒引起的肺炎的诊疗措施及相关药物的开发也已经开展,通过对其感染过程及受体的研究,各种抗病毒类药物再一次引起我们的兴趣。基于此前出现的SARS冠状病毒、MERS冠状病毒,以及现今的2019新型冠状病毒三种感染人的冠状病毒,本综述主要论述冠状病毒的发展进化史、传播源及传播途径、病毒的感染与复制、预防措施以及诊疗手段。

The outbreak of pneumonia caused by infection with a new type of coronavirus called“severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2”(SARS-Cov-2),in Wuhan,China,has morphed into a pandemic.By referring to existing studies on coronaviruses,the infection mechanism and source of SARS-CoV-2 has been clarified gradually.Investigation of the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2(which was named“coronavirus disease 2019”(COVID-19)by the World Health Organization on 11 February 2020)has been carried out.Through study of the infective process and receptors,various antiviral drugs have aroused our interest.Based on the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the 2000s,and SARS-Cov-2,we discuss the development and evolution of coronaviruses,their source and route of transmission,infection and replication,preventive measures,diagnosis and potential treatment.