废机油再生技术进展

Research Progress on Recycling Technology of Used Engine Oil

我国近年来的废机油生产量巨大,而回收利用率较低,这不仅是一种资源浪费更有潜在的环境污染风险。本文综述了废机油的来源和危害,总结了国内外废机油主要精制工艺的研究技术进展并评述了其优缺点。研究表明,酸碱精制的污染大且分离能力有限;溶剂精制与加氢处理分离效果好、对环境污染小,是目前使用较多的工艺;而超临界流体技术、膜分离技术以及分子蒸馏技术具有分离效率高、操作简单等特点,也有着较好的发展前景。

In China,the amount of used engine oil is huge in recent years,but the recycling and reuse rate is low,which is not only a waste of resources,but also a potential environmental pollution risk.The resources and hazards of used engine oil were summarized,the advantages and the disadvantages of the refining technologies were reviewed.It shows that acid-base refining has serious pollution and limited separation ability,while solvent refining and hydrotreatment have little environmental pollution and good separation effect,which is frequently used at the present.Supercritical fluid technology,membrane separation technology and molecular distillation technology have many advantages such as simple process and high separation efficiency,so these three recycling technologies have good prospects for the used engine oil.