劳动合同法中规制与自治的平衡——以经济性裁员为中心的展开

On the Balance Between Regulation and Autonomy in Labor Contract Law:Explaning by Taking Economic Redundancy as the Center

我国经济性裁员制度存在劳资自治不足、政府规制过度的失衡问题,集中反映了劳动合同法中规制与自治的难题。一个国家经济性裁员以及解雇的规制强度,深受该国政治制度、经济体制、工会力量、社会保障等因素的影响和制约。劳资自治的前提是劳资双方实力相当,劳方拥有强有力的工会组织,以及有效的劳资协商机制。解决劳动合同法中规制与自治的冲突,合理平衡两者的关系,应尊重社会主义市场经济规律,走符合中国国情的道路;改革工会制度,构建劳资自治的前提和机制,激励劳资协商自治;坚持合作规制的原则,司法机关、行政机关与立法机关协同配合,实现规制的最佳效果;坚持效率与公平并重的原则,既要注重效率,也要注重公平。

The economic redundancy system of our country has imbalance of insufficient labor and capital autonomyand excessive government regulation,which reflects the difficult problem of regulation and autonomy in Labor Contract Law.The regulation intensity of economic redundancy and dismissal in a country is deeply influenced and restricted by the political system,economic system,trade union strength,social security and other factors in the country.The premise of labor autonomy is that labor and capitalhave equal strength,the labor side has a strong trade union organization,and an effective labor consultation mechanism.To solve the conflict between regulation and autonomy in Labor Contract Law,and to balance the relationship between the two reasonably,four principles should be followed: Firstly,the law of socialist market economy should be respected,and the road that accords with China’s national conditions should be followed.Secondly,the trade union system should be reformed,the premise and mechanism of autonomy of labor and capital should be constructed,and the consultation autonomy of labor and capital should be encouraged.Thirdly,the principle of cooperative regulation should be upheld,and the judicial and administrative organs should cooperate with the legislature to achieve the best effect of regulation.Lastly,the principle of laying equal stress on efficiency and fairness should be followed,and equal attention to efficiency and fairness should be paid.