行为生态学视域下的农机装备仿生设计

Biomimetic Design of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment from the Perspective of Behavioral Ecology

目的研究农机装备的生态性及功用性,基于生态层面,开展农机装备的再造和创新,从而达到优化目标。方法在保障农机作业的同时,顺应自然和生态发展规律,提出一种行为生态学介入农机装备的仿生设计方法,并在此基础上分析农机装备的“痛点”与生态设计的“立足点”,实现生态匹配方法与实现路径。结果论述了行为生态学的内涵及架构,分析了转译的方法及作用,形成了仿生策略与仿生路径,释放了生态信号,健全了生态服务模式。结论通过雷鸟仿生清雪拖拉机设计案例实践,对将行为生态学引入农机装备的设计进行了验证,在把控农机装备设计基因的基础上,顺应进化规律,形成了健康持续的进化发展模式,激活了传统农机装备的创新活力,增加了农机装备的实践价值。

The paper aims to study the ecological and functional nature of agricultural machinery equipment,and to rebuild and innovate in agricultural machinery equipment on the basis of the ecological level,so as to achieve the optimization goal.Based on ensuring agricultural machinery operation,and in line with the law of natural and ecological development,a bionic design method of behavioral ecology intervention in agricultural machinery equipment was proposed.And on this basis,it analyzed the“pain point”of agricultural machinery equipment and the“stand point”of ecological design,and realized the ecological matching method and realization path.The connotation and structure of behavioral ecology were discussed,the methods and functions of translation were analyzed,a bionic strategy and a bionic path were formed,ecological signals were released,and the ecological service model was improved.Through the design case of ptarmigan bionic snow cleaning tractor,the design of introducing behavioral ecology to agricultural machinery equipment is verified.Based on the design genes of agricultural control equipment,in line with the law of evolution,it forms a healthy and sustainable evolutionary development model,activates the innovation vitality of traditional agricultural machinery and equipment,and increases the practical value of agricultural machinery equipment.