面向船舶振动抑制的电磁吸振器优化设计

Optimization Design of Electromagnetic Vibration Absorber for Ship Vibration Suppression

船舶航速变化、空压机变转速运行等因素会引起变频振动。减振浮筏是现代船舶上普遍采用的一种双层隔振系统,但其并未在振动源头上采取措施。针对船舶浮筏上的变频振动,基于电磁弹簧原理对电磁吸振器进行优化设计。通过有限元分析得到吸振器的结构静变形、应力分布与其各阶谐振频率和振型,通过电磁仿真得到吸振器的磁场分布。对吸振器的刚度线性度进行优化以提高吸振器的频率跟踪控制精度。通过电磁力的解析模型优化目标函数,提出一种电磁刚度线性度的优化方法,并通过对实验样机进行加工,实现对100 kg负载的变频振动频率跟踪振动抑制的实验验证。

Ship speed change and air compressor’s variable speed operation can cause frequency-varying vibration.Vibration floating raft is a kind of double-layer vibration isolation system commonly used in modern ships to suppress the frequency-varying vibration.But it doesn’t do anything to the vibration sources.In this paper,the electromagnetic vibration absorber is optimized based on the electromagnetic spring principle to solve the problem of the frequency-varying vibration of the floating raft.The structural static deformation,stress distribution,resonance frequencies and modals of the vibration absorber are obtained by means of finite element analysis,and the magnetic field distribution of the vibration absorber is obtained by electromagnetic simulation.The stiffness linearity of the vibration absorber is optimized to improve the precision of frequency tracking control performance.By optimizing the objective function of the analytical model of the electromagnetic force,an optimization design method of electromagnetic stiffness linearity is proposed.Finally,an experimental prototype is prepared and the effectiveness of the frequency-varying vibration tracking suppression of 100kg load is verified based on this prototype.