响应面法优化振摇提取百香果子中油脂及其脂肪酸成分分析

Response surface methodology for optimizing shaking extraction of oil from passion fruit seeds and analysis of fatty acid components

以百香果(Passiflora coerulea L.)子油的得率作为评价指标,选择料液比、时间、温度进行单因素试验,在其基础上利用响应面法优化百香果子油的提取条件,并用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定所提取油脂的脂肪酸组成。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为料液比1∶30(m∶V),提取时间20 min,摇床温度23℃,此条件下百香果子油提取得率为22.37%。百香果子油中含有19种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为84.12%,饱和脂肪酸相对含量为15.88%,主要成分是亚油酸甲酯(60.51%)和反-9-十八碳烯酸甲酯(22.05%)。采用响应面法优化的条件进行提取,可得到较高的百香果子油得率,通过GC-MS分析所得百香果子油的脂肪酸成分不被破坏,这是一种简单、高效且对有效成分无损的方法。

The yield of passion fruit(Passiflora coerulea?L.)seed oil was used as the evaluation index,and single factor experiments were carried out on the basis of material-liquid ratio,time and temperature.Response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions of passion fruit seed oil,and the fatty acid composition of the extracted oil was determined and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows,the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶30(m∶V),extraction time was 20 minutes,shaking temperature was 23℃,and the yield of oil in passion fruit seeds was 22.37%.There were 19 kinds of fatty acids in passion fruit seed oil,the relative amount of unsaturated fatty acids was 84.12%,the relative amount of saturated fatty was 15.88%.The main components were methyl passion(60.51%)and methyl trans-9-octadecanoate(22.05%).The response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions to obtaina higher yield of passion seed oil.GC-MS analysis showed that the fatty acid composition of passion seed oil is not destroyed,which was a simple,efficient and non-destructive method.