临安钱王陵公园植物群落结构及生态效益分析

Plant community structure and ecological benefits of Qianwangling Park in Lin’an

【目的】分析浙江省杭州市临安区钱王陵公园植物群落结构,并对其生态效益进行定量评估。【方法】以临安钱王陵公园为研究对象,对公园内32个植物群落资源结构进行实地调查,运用i-Tree模型评估群落节能、吸收二氧化碳(CO2)、改善空气质量、截留雨水等生态效益。【结果】①所调查群落树木共计1 613株,分属39科62属74种;群落结构以复层型为主,呈现出以针阔混交林为主的景观风貌。②群落年生态效益为208 588.16元·a^-1,单株树木平均效益为129.25元·株^-1·a^-1,其中节约能源、吸收CO2、改善空气质量和截留雨水生态效益分别为48 188.80、98 447.36、4 019.84和57 932.16元·a^-1,分别占为23.10%、47.20%、1.93%和27.77%;生态效益总价值最高的是樟树Cinnamomum camphora+广玉兰Magnolia grandiflora-山茶Camellia japonica群落(样地L21),为12 777.60元·a^-1,占6.13%,且该群落在节约能源、吸收CO2、截留雨水3个方面生态效益均为最高;针阔混交型群落生态效益占35.47%,对生态效益价值贡献最大。③落叶阔叶及针叶树种单株平均生态效益较高,落叶阔叶树在节能、吸收CO2、改善空气质量及截留雨水效益方面更具优势。【结论】钱王陵公园植物群落生态效益的高低主要取决于群落内树种的株数、生长类型和平均胸径,针阔混交型群落在生态效益价值方面具有明显优势。图2表4参23。

[Objective]This research aims to analyze the plant community structure of Qianwangling Park in Lin’an District of Hangzhou City,Zhejiang Province,and evaluate its ecological benefits.[Method]Taking Qianwangling Park as the research object,the structure of 32 plant communities in the park was investigated,and the i-Tree model was used to evaluate the ecological benefits of community including energy conservation,carbon dioxide absorption,air quality improvement and rainwater interception.[Result](1)There were 1613 trees in the community,belonging to 39 families 62 genera and 74 species.The community structure was mainly of the multi-layer type,dominated by the landscape style of the mixed forest of needles and broads.(2)The annual ecological benefit of the community was 208588.16 yuan·a-1,and the average benefit per tree was 129.25 yuan·plant^-1·a^-1,among which the benefits of energy conservation,carbon dioxide absorption,air quality improvement and rainwater interception were 48188.80,98447.36,4019.84 and 57932.16 yuan·a^-1,accounting for 23.10%,47.20%,1.93%and 27.77%respectively.The highest total value of ecological benefits reached 12777.60 yuan·a-1,found in sample L21(Cinnamomum camphora+Magnolia grandiflora-Camellia japonica community),accounting for 6.13%.This community had the highest benefits in saving energy,absorbing carbon dioxide and intercepting rainwater.The mixed community contributed the most to ecological benefit values,accounting for 35.47%.(3)The deciduous broad-leaved and coniferous trees had higher average benefits per plant,and deciduous broad-leaved trees had more advantages in energy conservation,CO2 absorption,air quality improvement and rainwater interception.[Conclusion]The ecological benefit of plant community in Qianwangling Park is mainly determined by the number of tree species,growth type and average diameter at breast height.The coniferous and broad-leaved mixed community has obvious advantages in ecological benefit value.[Ch,2 fig.4 tab.23 ref.]