基于条件价值法的广州海珠国家湿地公园开放区域的非使用价值初探

Evaluation of the non-use value of Haizhu National Wetland Park inGuangzhou based on the contingent valuation method

非使用价值是环境资源的一种内在属性,科学合理的进行湿地生态系统服务功能非使用价值评估对合理规划和保护湿地资源具有重要的意义。广州海珠国家湿地公园是全球仅有三个“城央”湿地公园之一,也是国内位于特大型城市中心区域最大的湿地公园。对广州海珠国家湿地公园生态系统服务功能非使用价值进行合理的评估更能体现出广州市对湿地资源的保护价值和意义,同时也为广州市湿地公园资源保护决策提供科学依据。运用条件价值法,通过问卷的形式调查广州市公众对广州海珠国家湿地公园的支付意愿,来评估其非使用价值。经单纯随机抽样统计分析模型核算后,得出2017年海珠湿地开放区域的生态系统服务功能非使用价值为3.81×10^9元·a^-1,其中遗产价值最高,选择价值、文化传承价值和存在价值依次降低。运用SPSS19.0软件对广州市居民群体特征、支付意愿和WTP值进行相关性分析,得出性别、居住时间、是否关注对环境的影响、月收入和海珠湿地的了解程度等5个指标是影响受访者支付意愿的主要因素;而性别、年龄、是否有子女、居住时间、职业、月收入和居住地等7个指标是影响受访者支付金额的主要因素。

Non-use value is an intrinsic attribute of environmental resources.Scientific and reasonable evaluation of non-use value of wetland ecosystem service functions is of great significance for the rational planning and protection of wetland resources.Haizhu National Wetland Park is one of only three Center wetland parks in the world.It is also the largest wetland park in the center of the mega city.A reasonable evaluation of the non-use value of the ecosystem service function of Haizhu National Wetland Park can reflect the protection value and significance of Guangzhou's wetland resources,and also provide a scientific basis for Guangzhou wetland park resource conservation decision-making.This paper uses the conditional value method to evaluate the non-use value of Haizhu National Wetland Park by investigating the willingness of Guangzhou public to pay for Haizhu National Wetland Park.After the revised simple random sampling statistical analysis model is calculated,it was concluded that the non-use value of the ecosystem service function in the open area of Haizhuwetland in 2017 was (3.81×10^9 yuan·a^-1). The value of the heritage was the highest, and the value of choice, the value of cultural inheritanceand the value of existence were successively reduced. SPSS19.0 software was used to analyze the correlation between group characteristicsand willingness to pay and WTP values, and to find out the gender, residence time, whether to pay attention to the impact on theenvironment, monthly income and the degree of understanding of Haizhu wetland, etc. The main factors of willingness to pay, and the sevenindicators such as gender, age, whether there are children, residence time, occupation, monthly income and place of residence arethe main factors affecting the amount paid by the respondents.