新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情居家期间青少年身体活动与情绪关联研究

Correlation Between Physical Activity and Emotion of Adolescents Living at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic

从疫情期间青少年居家生活视角出发,分析农村与城市地区青少年在居家生活状态下的身体活动水平与情绪状态,并探究其相关性。采用国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)长卷和心境状态量表(POMS)对全国3 474名青少年进行网络问卷调查,运用t检验、非参数独立样本检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析等方法对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果:1)疫情期间,青少年身体活动水平普遍较低,高身体活动水平人数比例仅为23%左右;不同BMI青少年在身体活动水平上具有显著性差异,正常体重青少年的低身体活动水平人数比例最高;不同视力水平青少年的身体活动水平具有显著性差异,视力不良青少年中的低身体活动水平人数比例高于视力正常青少年中的低身体活动水平人数比例。2)疫情期间,农村地区青少年的消极情绪分数显著高于城市地区青少年,主要体现在紧张、愤怒2方面,城市地区青少年积极情绪得分显著低于农村地区;青少年BMI与消极情绪呈显著正相关,主要体现在紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁4个情绪维度上。3)疫情期间,农村地区青少年与城市地区青少年在起床时间、睡觉时间、屏幕时间、睡眠时间、居家天数上具有显著性差异,农村地区青少年的生活状态更为健康、积极;青少年的久坐行为与身体活动水平呈显著负相关,起床时间、睡觉时间和屏幕时间与积极情绪呈显著负相关,与消极情绪呈显著正相关。4)城市地区青少年的身体活动水平与愤怒情绪呈显著负相关,轻体重青少年身体活动水平与精力、自尊心呈显著正相关。

Starting from the perspective of teenagers living at home during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study analyzed the physical activity and emotion status, and also explored the correlation. By using the scales of IPAQ and POMS, 3 474 adolescents in China were investigated online. The data were statistically analyzed by t-test, nonparametric independent sample test, one-way ANOVA and correlation analysis. Results: 1) During the pandemic, the physical activity level of adolescents is generally low, and the proportion of people with high physical activity level is only about 23%;there are significant differences in physical activity level among adolescents with different BMI, the number of normal weight adolescents with low physical activity level is the largest;there are significant differences in the level of physical activity among adolescents with different vision levels;the proportion of low physical activity level in poor vision adolescents is higher than that in normal vision adolescents. 2) During the pandemic, the negative emotion score of adolescents in rural area is higher than that of adolescents in urban area, which mainly embodies in the aspects of tension and anger;the positive emotion score of urban adolescents was significantly lower than that of rural areas;the adolescents’ BMI has significant positive correlations with negative emotions, mainly embodying tension, anger, tiredness and depression. 3) During the pandemic, there are many obvious differences between adolescents of rural area and urban area in the time of waking up, bed, screen, sleep and days at home. The living condition is more healthier and more active of the living condition of adolescents in rural area;the sedentary behaviour of adolescents is negative correlation with the level of physical activity, the time of waking up, bed, screen is negative correlation with active emotion, and obviously positive correlation with negative emotion. 4) The level of physical activity of urban area of youngsters has significant negative correlation with anger, and the lighted-weight adolescents’ physical activity level is positive related to energy and self-esteem.