食管癌放疗患者放射性食管炎发生危险因素与防控护理

Risk factors and prevention and control nursing of radiation esophagitis in patients undergoing esophageal cancer radiotherapy

目的探究食管癌放疗患者放射性食管炎发生的危险因素,并采取针对性防控护理对策。方法回顾性分析2018年8月至2019年8月在我院接受食管癌放疗的患者187例为研究对象,其中,发生放射性食管炎62例,约占33.16%。采用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析放射性食管炎发生的危险因素。结果多因素logistic回归分析显示,合并糖尿病或高血压(OR=6.937)、放疗剂量(OR=6.501)、是否联合紫杉醇周剂量化疗(OR=4.266)、营养不良(OR=5.812)、出血或穿孔(OR=5.099)及不良情绪(OR=4.821)是放射性食管炎发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论放射性食管炎发生影响因素较多,通过对相关危险因素防控,加强病情观察、护理指导、及时对症干预,可有效预防放射性食管炎发生,缓解症状,促进损伤修复,利于顺利放疗,提高预后。

Objective To explore the risk factors of radiation esophagitis in patients undergoing esophageal cancer radiotherapy and adopt targeted prevention and control nursing strategies.Methods We analyzed retrospectively 187 cases of patients who received radiotherapy for esophageal cancer in our hospital from August 2018 to August 2019 and set them as the study objects.Among them,62 cases of radiation esophagitis occurred,accounting for about 33.16%.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of radiation esophagitis.Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the combined diabetes or hypertension(OR=6.937),radiation dose(OR=6.501),whether combined with paclitaxel weekly dose for chemotherapy(OR=4.266),malnutrition(OR=5.812),bleeding or perforation(OR=5.099),and bad mood(OR=4.821)were the independent risk factors for radiation esophagitis(P<0.05).Conclusion There were many influencing factors that led to occurrence of radiation esophagitis.By preventing and controlling related risk factors,strengthening disease observation,nursing guidance,and timely symptomatic intervention,which can effectively prevent radiation esophagitis,relieve symptoms,promote damage repair,and it was beneficial to conduct smooth radiotherapy and improve prognosis.