HIT和MICT对篮球运动员有氧耐力的影响研究

Research on the Impact of HIT and MICT on Aerobic Endurance of Basketball Players

目的:探析HIT和MICT对大学生篮球运动员有氧耐力的影响。方法:37名男性大学生篮球运动员随机分成HIT组和MICT组,每周训练4次,共训练10周,运动中、运动前后测量心肺及篮球专项指标。结果:1)运动中MICT组心率为157.7±9.6b/min。2)实验前后,MICT组VO2max分别为4462.7±468.5ml/min、4504.2±442.7ml/min,p>0.05;VAT分别为2985.1±283.3 ml/min、3220.4±297.7ml/min,p<0.05;HIT组VO 2max为4418.0±395.8ml/min、4457.3±380.2ml/min,p>0.05;VAT分别为2928.8±246.0ml/min、3402.1±263.4ml/min,p<0.01。实验后,两组VAT比,p<0.05。3)实验前后,MICT组3/4场冲刺分别为3.61±0.47s、3.58±0.52s(P>0.05);15m×17次×4跑分别为67.05±4.28s、65.13±4.92s(P<0.05)。HIT组3/4场冲刺分别为3.62±0.43s、3.41±0.34s(P<0.01),15m×17次×4跑分别为67.46±3.97s、63.24±3.41s(P<0.01)。实验后,HIT组3/4场冲刺(P<0.01)、15m×17次×4跑(P<0.05)显著优于MICT组。结论:1)HIT和MICT均能使篮球运动员心率保持在较高水平,但HIT快跑阶段心率显著高于MICT,对心肺功能的刺激更强。2)HIT和MICT很难提高运动员VO 2max,但可以显著提高VAT的VO 2max利用率,且HIT效果优于MICT。3)HIT和MICT对15m×17次×4跑成绩的提高均有显著的效果,前者优势明显;但在提高3/4场冲刺成绩方面,HIT提高显著。

Objective:To analyze the effects of HIT and MICT on aerobic endurance of college basketball players.Methods:37 male college basketball players were randomly divided into HIT group and MICT group,trained 4 times a week for a total of 10 weeks.Cardiopulmonary and basketball specific indexes were measured during and after exercise.Results:1)The heart rate of the MICT group during exercise was 157.7±9.6b/min.2)Before and after the experiment,the VO 2max of the MICT group was 4462.7±468.5,4504.2±442.7ml/min,p>0.05;the VAT was 2985.1±283.3,3220.4±297.7ml/min,p<0.05;the VO 2max of the HIT group was 4418.0±395.8,4457.3±380.2ml/min,p>0.05;VAT was 2928.8±246.0,3402.1±263.4ml/min,p<0.01.After the experiment,the VAT ratio of the two groups was p<0.05.3)Before and after the experiment,the 3/4 sprints in the MICT group were 3.61±0.47s and 3.58±0.52s(P>0.05);15m×17times×4 runs were 67.05±4.28s,65.13±4.92s(P<0.05).The 3/4 sprints in the HIT group were 3.62±0.43s,3.41±0.34s(P<0.01),and 15m×17×4 runs were 67.46±3.97s and 63.24±3.41s(P<0.01).After the experiment,3/4 sprints(P<0.01)and 15m×17×4 runs(P<0.05)in the HIT group were significantly better than those in the MICT group.Conclusions:1)Both HIT and MICT can keep the heart rate of basketball players at a high level,but the heart rate during the HIT fast-running phase is significantly higher than MICT,which stimulates cardiopulmonary function more strongly.2)It is difficult to increase the VO 2max of the two types of running,but it can significantly improve the VO 2max utilization rate of VAT,and the HIT effect is better than MICT.3)HIT and MICT have a significant effect on the improvement of 15m×17×4,the former is better than the latter;but in terms of improving 3/4 sprint results,HIT has improved significantly.