枸杞多糖对鲤生长性能和肝胰脏抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on growth performance and hepatopancreatic antioxidant capacity of carp

为探索枸杞多糖(Lycium barbarum polysaccharide,LBP)对鲤生长性能及肝胰脏抗氧化能力的影响,在试验饲料中分别添加比例为0、0. 005%、0. 01%、0. 015%、0. 02%的枸杞多糖,配制成5种等氮等能试验饲料。以450尾平均初始体质量为(10. 57±0. 89)g的健康鲤为试验对象,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾试验鱼,分别投喂5种试验饲料,养殖时间为56 d。结果发现,鲤增重率(weight gain ratio,WGR)、特定生长率(specific growth ratio,SGR)均在枸杞多糖添加量为0. 005%时最大,分别为(118. 45±23. 80)%、(1. 39±0. 20)%/d,且差异显著(P<0. 05)。枸杞多糖添加量大于0. 005%后,WGR,SGR则呈微弱下降的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0. 05);饲料系数(feed conversion ratio,FCR)随着枸杞多糖添加量的提高而呈先降低后升的变化趋势,在0. 005%时最小,为1. 54±0. 24(P<0. 05);添加量大于0. 005%后,FCR则呈上升趋势,且差异显著(P>0. 05)。随着枸杞多糖添加量的提高,鲤肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性均呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,均在枸杞多糖添加量为0. 005%时最高,分别为(110. 85±7. 51)U/mg、(104. 58±4. 53)mg/(g·min)(P<0. 05);添加量大于0. 005%后,SOD活性呈微弱的下降趋势。CAT则在其添加量大于0. 01%后呈微弱的下降趋势(P>0. 05);丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量则呈先降低后升高的趋势,在添加量为0. 01%时最低,为(0. 73±0. 81)nmol/mg,但差异不显著(P>0. 05)。研究说明添加一定比例的枸杞多糖可提高鲤对饲料的利用率,促进其生长,提高鲤机体的抗氧化能力,且综合考虑,鲤饲料中枸杞多糖的适宜添加水平为0. 005%。

To explore the effects of Chinese wolfberry polysaccharide(Lycium barbarum polysaccharide,LBP)on carp growth performance and hepatopancreatic antioxidant capacity,5 kinds of iso-nitrogen feed were prepared by adding0,0.005%,0.01%,0.015%and 0.02%LBP to the test feed.450 healthy carps with average initial body mass(10.57±0.89)g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates and 30 replicates in each group.The results showed that the WGR(weight gain ratio)and SGR(specific growth ratio)of the carps were the largest when the adding amount of LBP was 0.005%,(118.45±23.80)%and(1.39±0.20)%/d,respectively,with significant differences(P<0.05).When the adding amount of LBP was greater than 0.005%,WGR and SGR showed a slight trend of decline,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).With the increase of LBP,FCR(feed conversion ratio)decreased first and then increased,and was the smallest(1.54±0.24)at 0.005%(P<0.05).FCR increased when the adding amount was greater than 0.005%,and the difference was significant(P>0.05).With the increase of LBP,the activities of SOD(superoxide dismutase)and CAT(catalase)in the hepatopancreas showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing,which were the highest when LBP was 0.005%,(110.85±7.51)U/mg and(104.58±4.53)mg/(g·min)(P<0.05).After adding more than 0.005%,SOD activity showed a weak decreasing trend.CAT showed a slight downward trend when the addition was greater than 0.01%(P>0.05).The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)decreased first and then increased,(0.73±0.81)nmol/mg of lowest dosage when LBP was 0.01%,and the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The study suggests that adding a certain proportion of Chinese wolfberry polysaccharide can improve the utilization rate of feed and promote the growth,improve the antioxidant ability of carp.Considering synthetically,the suitable adding level of LBP in carpfeed is 0.005%.