渔业资源衰退背景下渔业补贴规制问题研究

Study on the Regulation of Fishery Subsidies Under the Background of Increasingly Scarce Fishery Resources

国际渔业资源正面临危机,而不可持续的捕捞是造成鱼类种群数量减少的重要原因。自1990年以来,国际社会普遍认识到渔业补贴是导致鱼类数量下降的原因之一。本文认为,将渔业补贴问题纳入具有法律效力的WTO框架目前来看是最适合的。本文分析了WTO争端解决机制、贸易政策审查机制(TPRM)和通报机制对渔业补贴适用的利弊。结论是:WTO的第三方强制程序不应当适用于渔业补贴争议;与此相对,非强制的贸易政策审查机制(TPRM)和通报机制更强调各成员方的合作而非对抗,能使渔业补贴得到有效的预防和削减。

Fisheries resources are facing an unprecedented crisis,and unsustainable fishing is an important cause of the decline in fish stocks.Since 1990,international community generally recognized that fisheries subsidies could be one of the causes of the decline in the number of fishes.This paper argues that the inclusion of fisheries subsidies in the legally binding WTO framework is currently the most appropriate way.The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism,trade policy review mechanism(TPRM)and the notification system for fisheries subsidies and concludes that the third-party compulsory procedures of the WTO should not be applied to the fishery subsidy dispute.In contrast,the non-mandatory Trade Policy Review Mechanism(TPRM)and the notification system place more emphasis on the cooperation of members rather than conflict and enable effective prevention and reduction of fisheries subsidies.