卢梭的人学理论探析

An Analysis of Rousseau’s Theory of Human

卢梭是著名哲学家和思想家。他建构的人学理论丰富而系统,其内容包括“自然状态”中的人比“社会状态”中的人优越;自由、平等是人与生俱来的天性和权利;人以自我完善者和自由施动者的身份参与自身活动;自我保存和怜悯心构成了人的本性;人的自由平等本性随“文明社会”的产生而不复存在;人的道德随科学和艺术的进步而堕落。他的人学理论是其思想大厦的基石,具有重要的历史价值和现实价值。

Rousseau was a famous philosopher and thinker. His theory of human is rich and systematic, and thecontents conclude the following aspects: human in the“natural state”are superior to those in the“social state”;freedom and equality are the innate nature and rights of human beings;human beings participate in their own activities asself-improvement and free agents;self preservation and compassion constitute human nature;the nature of humanfreedom and equality no longer exists with the emergence of“civilized society”;human morality degenerates with theprogress of science and art. His theory of human is the cornerstone of his building of thoughts, which has importanthistorical and practical value.