轮作和连作对不同类型花生品种生育特性和产量的影响

Effects of Rotation and Continuous Cropping on Growth Characteristics and Yield of Different Types of Peanut Varieties

为探讨种植形式对不同类型花生品种的影响,以6个不同类型的花生品种为试材,采用裂区随机区组试验设计,研究了连作和轮作对花生开花规律、植株性状、荚果性状及产量的影响。结果表明:连作花生的开花数量少于轮作,除荷花15号和荷花18号外,其他品种的总开花数均显著减少;连作对花生植株农艺性状有一定的影响,连作花生的绿叶数、主茎高度、侧枝长度、总分枝数和结果枝数均略低于轮作,大部分品种的指标值与轮作差异不大;所有品种的单株果数均表现为连作显著低于轮作;除荷花15号的饱果数和单株果重以及荷花18号的饱果数与轮作差异不大,其他品种的饱果数和单株果重均显著低于轮作。连作对花生荚果性状影响显著,所有品种的百仁重和出米率均显著降低,连作对荷花16号的百果重、荷花18号的百果重和产量影响不明显,其他品种的百果重和产量均显著降低。

In order to explore the effects of planting models on different peanut varieties,six different peanut varieties were used as experimental materials,and the effects of continuous cropping and rotation on the flowering habits,plant characters,pod characters and yield of peanut were studied by using split area randomized block test.The results showed that compared with rotation,continuous cropping reduced the flowering number,except Hehua No.15 and Hehua No.18,and the total flowering number of other varieties decreased significantly.Continuous cropping had effects on peanut plant characters,which slightly reduced the number of green leaves,main stem height,lateral branch length,total branches and number of fruiting branches,while the index values of most varieties had no significant difference with those of rotation.The fruit numbers per plant of all varieties of continuous cropping were lower than those of rotation.The number of full fruits of Hehua No.15 and Hehua No.18 as well as the fruit weight per plant of Hehua No.15 of continuous cropping had little difference with those of rotation,while the two index values of other varieties of continuous cropping were lower than those of rotation.Continuous cropping had significant effect on peanut pod characters,and the 100 kernel weight and seed pod production rate of all varieties significantly reduced.Continuous cropping had no significant effect on the 100 fruit weight of Hehua No.16 and 100 fruit weight and yield of Hehua No.18,while the index values of other varieties decreased significantly.