鄱阳湖平原区农村水塘水体原位修复技术应用效果分析

Analysis on application effect of in-situ remediation technology of rural ponds in Poyang Lake Plain

针对鄱阳湖平原区农村水塘内源底泥污染和外源农村生产、生活排水污染,通过选用覆沙处理、落干曝晒处理及生物联合调控处理(即底栖动物三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)+滤食性鱼类鳙鱼和鲢鱼+湿地植物花叶芦竹(Arundo donax var.versicolor))等原位修复技术进行研究,以期得到农村小水塘经济高效的原位修复技术。结果表明:(1)生物联合调控处理对水质净化的效果总体最佳,浊度、氨氮、TN和COD去除率最高值分别为68.18%、92.64%、79.85%和92.10%。(2)生物联合调控处理的TN去除率与DO呈显著负相关,TP去除率与DO呈显著负相关、与氮磷质量比(N/P)呈显著正相关,COD去除率与氨氮、碳氮质量比(C/N)均呈显著负相关。

In view of the sediment pollution of rural ponds,rural production and living drainage in the Poyang Lake Plain,the in-situ remediation techniques such as sand-covering treatment,drying and sunning,and biological joint regulation techniques(benthic animals(Hyriopsis cumingii)+filtering-feeding fish(bighead carp and silver carp)+wetland plant(Arundo donax var.versicolor))were selected for this study to acquire a cost-effective in-situ remediation technology for rural small ponds.The results showed that:(1)the biological joint regulation techniques had the best purification effect on rural ponds,and the removal rates of water turbidity,ammonia nitrogen,TN and COD could reach 68.18%,92.64%,79.85%and 92.10%,respectively.(2)For the biological joint regulation techniques,the TN removal rate was significantly negatively correlated with DO;the TP removal rate was significantly negatively correlated with DO and positively correlated with N/P;the COD removal rate was significantly negatively correlated with ammonia nitrogen and C/N.