四川九顶山自然保护区兽类多样性的红外相机初步监测

Camera-trapping Survey on the Mammal Diversity of the Jiudingshan Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

2017年5月至2019年9月,利用红外相机技术对四川九顶山自然保护区内大中型兽类进行监测研究,共在49个相机位点上完成7457个相机日的调查工作量,共捕获野生兽类照片和视频7339份,能够准确识别到具体物种的兽类照片和视频7231份,独立有效记录1190次,共准确识别出野生兽类4目11科18种,其余未能准确识别到具体物种的兽类记录为啮齿目中的鼠科、松鼠科和鼬科动物。18种野生兽类中,食肉目最多,为4科7种;其次为偶蹄目和啮齿目,分别有4科6种与2科3种。从独立有效记录来看,偶蹄目是拍摄记录次数最多的类群,占独立有效记录总数的67.14%;其次为灵长目(17.14%)和食肉目(10.09%)。被列为国家一级和二级重点保护野生动物的分别为4种和5种;被IUCN红色名录评为“濒危(EN)”等级的有1种,“近危(NT)”等级的有3种,“易危(VU)”等级的有5种。物种相对多度指数(RAI)最高的物种为中华斑羚(Naemorhedus griseus)(RAI=6.91),其次为毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)(RAI=2.27),藏酋猴(Macaca thibetana)(RAI=1.77),川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)(RAI=0.98)和四川羚牛(Budorcas tibetanus)(RAI=0.80)。本次调查获得了九顶山自然保护区内珍贵的野生动物红外影像资料以及部分兽类物种的分布信息,为后续持续监测工作以进一步更新、修订和完善保护区物种名录积累基础数据。

From May 2017 to September 2019,the diversity of large and medium-sized animals in the Jiudingshan Nature Reserve in Sichuan province was monitored by infrared camera technology.In this study,with an intensive survey effort of 7457 efficient camera days at 49 locations(26 grids),a total of 7339 photographs and videos of wild mammals were captured,among them 7231 photographs and videos of specific species of mammals were accurately identified and 1190 independent records were recorded.A total of 18 wild mammal species belonging to 11 families and 4 orders were identified,while the remaining mammals that could not be accurately identified were recorded as Muridaes,Sciuridaes and Mustelidaes.Among the 18 wild mammals,Carnivoras(7 species,4 families)were the highest in species richness,followed by Artiodactyla(6 species,4 families)and Rodentia(3 species,2 families).From independent and effective records,Artiodactylas were with the greatest number of detections(67.14%),followed by Primates(17.14%)and Carnivora(10.09%),and all the three taxa were up to 94.37%of all detections.Four species were listed as Class I national key protected wild animals in China and five species as Class II.One mammal species was evaluated as Endangered(EN)by IUCN Red List,3 species evaluated as Near Threatened(NT)and 5 species evaluated as Vulnerable(VU).Based on the relative abundance index(RAI),Chinese Goral(Naemorhedus griseus)(6.91),Tufted Deer(Elaphodus cephalophus)(2.27),Tibetan Macaque(Macaca thibetana)(1.77),Golden Snub-nosed Monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellana)(0.98)and Sichuan Takin(Budorcas tibetanus)(0.80)were ranked as the top most 5 abundant mammal species.This survey had obtained valuable infrared images data of wild animals and distribution information of some mammal species in Jiudingshan Nature Reserve,accumulating basic data for follow-up continuous monitoring work for further updating,revision and improvement of the species list in the reserve.