耕地生产与生态功能协同保护的国际经验启示

International Experience Enlightenment and Path Discussion on Coordinated Protection of Cultivated Land Production and Ecological Function

当前耕地保护正由传统数量保护目标向数量、质量、生态"三位一体"保护格局加快转变,充分发挥并协调耕地的生产和生态功能至关重要。本文基于耕地生产与生态功能协同保护的视角,阐述其发挥协同保护作用的机理,并从立法管控、规划协调、土壤改良和生态补偿四个方面总结国外耕地保护措施中兼顾实现生态功能的做法。在此基础上,进一步分析我国耕地保护面临的生产、生态功能协调不足的问题,结合典型国家经验,从约束、激励、技术和统筹四个维度探讨实现耕地生产和生态功能协同保护目标的可能路径。

Cultivated land protection is changing from traditional quantity protection target to quantity,quality and ecology"trinity"protection pattern.It is particularly important to give full play to and coordinate the production and ecological functions of cultivated land.Based on the perspective of cooperative protection,this paper attempts to expound the mechanism of coordinated protection and summarize the foreign measures of cooperative protection of cultivated land and ecology from four aspects of legislative control,planning coordination,soil improvement and ecological compensation.Furthermore,based on the analysis of insufficient coordination of production and ecological functions of cultivated land protection in China,we have discussed the path of coordinated development from four dimensions of constraint,incentive,technology and overall planning considering the foreign experience.