公海保护区选划标准探析

On the Selection Criteria of High Seas Marine Protected Areas

如何在公海确定海洋保护区已逐渐引起国际社会的普遍关注。选划标准在保护区确定过程中发挥着指引性和稳定性作用。在建立公海保护区的选划标准时,可以充分借鉴现有保护区域所建立的选划标准和考量因素,发挥土著人民传统知识的积极作用,以制定统一标准和适用机制。同时考虑到海洋保护的复杂性,应加强有关法律文书、框架以及相关全球、区域和部门机构在建立海洋保护区方面的合作,最终实现生物多样性养护和可持续利用的目标。

This paper explores the international community’s interest in determining identification criteria for the marine protected areas(MPAs)on the high seas.In the process of identifying such an area the selection criteria play a guiding and a stabilizing role.Therefore,in articulating the criteria for prospective MPAs it is important to critically consider the criteria already deployed to identify the existing protected areas,as well as the indigenous people’s traditional knowledge on building MPAs.This will ensure articulation of a unified set of criteria and applicable mechanisms for MPAs.As MPAs are designed to conserve and induce sustainable use of biodiversity on a location,their nature is complex.For this reason,it is important to maintain mutual compatibility of legal instruments and frameworks implemented to regulate MPAs on the one hand,and include relevant global,regional and sectoral bodies in the defining process on the other.