《楚辞·招魂》中的湖湘肉类食材考证

Textual Research on Meat Ingredients in the Songs of Chu·The Evocation

《楚辞》被中国饮食文化界认定为古代南方菜系最早的记录者和保存者,主要体现在《大招》《招魂》两篇。因为楚方言和地域差异,让当时记录的这些食材无法考证或者考证极其困难,也成为很多注释无法解释的原因。文章就《招魂》一篇的肉类食材进行考证和探索,结合湖湘物产和地域环境,从家畜、家禽野禽、水产三类食材入手,对《招魂》里的肉类食材进行考证和认定。

The Songs of Chu has been considered as the earliest recorder and preserver of ancient southern cooking style by the circle of Chinese cooking culture,which are mainly reflected in the two chapters of The Ultimate Conjuring and The Evocation.Because of Chu dialect and conditions of the region,it gives no way or great difficulty to prove these ingredients recorded at that time,thus a plenty of annotations have not yet been interpreted.This article has conducted textual research and probe on the meat ingredients recorded in the chapter of The Evocation,and identified and confirmed the meat ingredients therein,in combination with Hunan produce and local territorial environment and through digging-in on the three food ingredients of livestock,poultry and wild birds,and aquatic products.