微纳米结构超疏水膜层的构建与性能研究进展

Research Progress on Construction and Properties of Superhydrophobic Membrane with Micro-Nano Structure

介绍了超疏水膜层制备的理论,综述了微纳米结构超疏水膜层的构建方法与纳米粒子在超疏水膜层制备中的应用。微纳米结构与低表面能是形成超疏水膜层的2个关键要素,目前的制备方法在一定程度上实现了基体表面的超疏水性能,但试验设备贵、操作复杂、成本高;改性纳米粒子在超疏水膜层制备中具有重要应用,但存在官能团不稳定、改性剂成本高、表面微观结构脆弱等问题。因此,研究易于操作、低成本的制备技术、获得耐用性好的膜层是超疏水材料的重要研究方向。

The preparation theory of superhydrophobic membrane was introduced.The construction methods of superhydrophobic membrane with micro-nano structure and the application of nanoparticles in the preparation of superhydrophobic membrane were reviewed.Micro-nano structure and low surface energy were the two key elements for the formation of superhydrophobic film layers.The current preparation methods endowed the superhydrophobic properties of the matrix surface to some extent,but the test equipment was expensive,and the operation was complex as well as the cost was high.The modified nanoparticles had important applications in the preparation of superhydrophobic membranes,but there were some problems such as unstable functional groups,high cost of modifier and fragile surface microstructure.Therefore,it was an important research direction of superhydrophobic materials to develop easy-to-operate,low-cost preparation technology and obtain durable film layers.