2014-2018年南水北调干渠韩庄船闸钉螺监测报告

Monitoring report on Oncomelania hupensis prevalence at Hanzhuang Ship Lock in the main canal of South-to-North Water Diversion Project from 2014 to 2018

目的了解南水北调东线工程通水后,长江流域的钉螺能否通过调水扩散到山东省境内受水区。方法2014-2018年在山东省微山县韩庄船闸设立监测点,每年4月份,在进闸河道滩地开展1次春季查螺;每年5-10月,每月1次在船闸随机抽查2~3艘来自长江流域的船舶,收集并鉴定各种螺类。结果2014-2018年,春季查螺共调查河道滩地长度8000 m、面积15880 m^2,累计调查1515框(0.11 m^2/框),未发现钉螺;抽查货船63艘,捕获螺类51只,均为其他淡水螺类,未发现钉螺。结论调水工程通水5年,在韩庄船闸未发现钉螺输入至山东境内的微山湖区,但是发现来自长江流域的船舶挟带有其他淡水螺类,应引起注意。

Objective To understand whether the Oncomelania hupensis in the Yangtze River can be spread to water receiving areas in Shandong Province through the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.Methods-Monitoring points were set up at Hanzhuang Ship Lock in Weishan County from 2014 to 2018.Snail prevalence was monitored around the bottomland of the lock once a year in April.From May to October of each year,2 to 3 ships from the Yangtze River were randomly chosen,once a month at the ship lock,to receive inspection of snails that were collected and identified for the species.Results Between 2014 and 2018,Oncomelania hupensis prevalence was investigated in spring seasons in a total of 8000 m length of the bottomland,with an accumulative areas of 15880 m^2 and 1515 frames(0.11 m^2/frame),No snail was found.Fifty-one heads of snails were captured in sampling inspection of the 63 ships,and identified just as freshwater snails instead of Oncomelania hupensis.Conclusion No imported Oncomelania hupensis was found at Hanzhuang Ship Lock in Weishan Lake area in the past 5 years after completion and operation of the water diversion project.However,some freshwater snails were carried with ships from the Yangtze River,which should call our attention.