鼓室硬化病因及相关因素的研究进展

Advances in Research on Etiology of Tympanosclerosis and Related Factors

鼓室硬化是指中耳黏膜在经历慢性炎症的长期刺激时,鼓膜及鼓室黏膜发生一系列退行性改变,其特征性改变是在鼓膜处形成白色斑块和中耳黏膜出现结节样沉积,当钙质沉积影响听骨链时,将出现传导性听力下降的临床表现,严重影响患者的正常生活。鼓室硬化的形成机制复杂,至今仍未完全阐明,随着耳科手术的逐步发展及鼓室成形术的应用,鼓室硬化形成病因及相关因素的研究受到耳科学者的广泛关注。本文就其病因及发病过程中相关因素的研究进展进行综述。

Tympanosclerosis refers to a series of degenerative changes in the tympanic membrane and middle ear mucosa from long-term stimulation by chronic inflammation.The characteristic changes are the formation of white plaques in the tympanic membrane and nodular deposits in the middle ear mucosa.When calcareous deposits affect the ossicular chain,clinical manifestations of conductive hearing loss will occur,seriously affecting the normal life of patients.The formation mechanism of tympanosclerosis is complicated and has not yet been fully elucidated.With the progressive development of otologic surgery and the application of tympanoplasty,the study of the etiology of tympanosclerosis and related factors has received wide attention by otologists.This article reviews progress in research on the etiology and pathogenesis of tympanosclerosis and related factors.