光伏组件封装材料的研究进展

Progress research on encapsulation material for PV module

光伏组件已经广泛应用于大型光伏电站和分布式光伏项目,需求量快速增加。在光伏组件中,封装材料的作用是把光伏电池片分别与钢化玻璃和背板紧密粘结起来,避免光伏电池直接暴露在雨雪、风沙及灰尘等外部环境下。封装材料的特性影响了光伏组件的输出效率和使用寿命。重点介绍了光伏组件中使用的主要封装材料如乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、环氧树脂、有机硅和聚烯烃的特点及研究进展,并对光伏组件封装材料的发展前景进行了展望。

PV modules have been widely applied in large photovoltaic power station and distributed photovoltaic projects.The demand of PV modules is growing rapidly.Encapsulation material in the PV modules is used to bond solar cells with tempered glass and backsheet,protecting solar cells from exposure to the external environment such as rain,snow,sand and dust.Encapsulation material influences the efficiency and lifetime of PV modules.The characteristics and research progress of encapsulation material for PV modules were introduced,including ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA),polyvinyl butyral(PVB),epoxy resin,silicone resin and polyolefin.Finally,the future prospect of encapsulation material for PV modules was discussed.