贵州省受艾滋病影响儿童的监护人调查分析

Investigation of the status of guardians to children affected by HIV/AIDS in Guizhou

目的了解受艾滋病(AIDS)影响儿童的监护人(简称监护人)情况,为防治工作提供依据。方法采取普查法,利用自行设计的调查问卷对监护人开展调查。结果共有1322名监护人纳入调查,其中母亲占38.43%(508名)、父亲占48.41%(640名);76.85%(1016名)的监护人感染艾滋病病毒(HIV),其中异性性传播占83.46%(848名),其中68.90%(700名)感染HIV的监护人接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗(ART)。感染HIV的监护人与非感染HIV的监护人在自报健康状况、子女最近一次患病时是否去医疗机构就诊、承担子女医疗费用的感受、是否获得过生活救助以及生活水平的自我评价等方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论受艾滋病影响儿童的监护人以父母为主,监护人感染HIV的比例较高,建议各级政府进一步建立和完善对受艾滋病影响儿童及其监护人在内的关怀救助机制。

Objective To understand the status of the guardians to the children affected by HIV/AIDS in Guizhou,and to provide evidence for health promotion of HIV/AIDS-affected children.Methods A survey was conducted among the guardians to children affected by HIV/AIDS by using the census method with a self-designed questionnaire.Results A total of 1322 guardians were included in the survey,of which 38.43%were mothers(508/1322)and 48.41%fathers(640/1322).76.85%(1016/1322)of the guardians were infected with HIV,and the main route of infection was heterosexual transmission,accounting for 83.46%(848/1016),and 68.90%(700/1016)of the HIV infected guardians received antiviral treatment(ART).There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)between HIV infected guardians and non-HIV infected guardians in the evaluation of their own health status,their children’s visits to clinics when they were sick,their perception of bearing their children’s medical expenses,received assistance,and the self-evaluated living standards.Conclusion The majority of the guardians of the children affected by HIV/AIDS are their parents.The proportion of guardians infected with HIV is relatively high.It is suggested that the governments at all levels establish and improve the care and assistance mechanism for children affected by HIV/AIDS and their guardians.