流动儿童健康研究现况

A review of studies on health status of migrant children

改革开放以来,我国出现大量流动人口,产生了流动儿童这一特殊的社会群体;在国外没有基于户籍制度的流动儿童这一概念,但存在移民儿童、难民儿童等具有流动因素的儿童,流动儿童的健康受到生活和/或学习环境以及饮食、监护、卫生保健条件等因素影响。现根据国内外已有的相关研究可见,流动儿童的总体健康状况低于非流动儿童,在心理状况、社会支持、疾病发生、营养摄入、身高生长、卫生保健服务等各方面均需要更多的关注和支持。国内已在心理关怀、公共卫生和医疗保障等方面制定了具有针对性的措施,改善流动儿童的健康状况。

Since the reform and opening up,a large number of migrant population have appeared in our country,which has created a special social group of migrant children;and there is no concept of migrant children based on household registration system abroad.However,there are immigrant and refugee children,and the health of migrant children is influenced by the living and/or learning environment as well as factors such as diet,guardianship and health care conditions.According to current studies at home and abroad,the health status of migrant children is lower than that of non-migrant children,so more attention and supports are needed in the areas of psychological status,social support,disease occurrence,nutrition intake,height growth,health care services,etc.Targeted measures have been formulated in the areas of psychological care,public health and medical security to improve the health status of migrant children.