互联网使用对家庭农场劳动力资源配置的影响

The Impact of Internet Use on the Allocation of Labor Resources in Family Farm

在当前数字经济时代,互联网深刻影响着农村社会的生产生活方式以及家庭农场劳动力资源的配置效率。本文利用全国主要省份1742个家庭农场调研数据,在理论分析的基础上,通过多元线性回归模型实证考察了互联网使用对家庭农场劳动力资源配置的影响,并运用倾向得分匹配方法进行稳健性检验。实证结果表明:互联网使用会降低家庭农场务农人数比重,促进家庭农场劳动力转移;使用电脑上网对非农就业的影响并不显著,而使用手机上网可以显著地促进家庭农场劳动力选择非农就业;目前没有使用手机上网的家庭农场如果开始使用手机上网,其非农就业人数比重提高幅度更大;只有同时使用电脑和手机上网对自主创业的正向效应才是显著的。因此,本文提出要进一步加快农村互联网普及率、鼓励上网方式多元化以及对有需要的家庭农场给予购置互联网设备补贴等建议。

In the current era of digital economy,the internet has profoundly affected the production and lifestyle of rural society and the allocation efficiency of family farm labor resources.Based on the theoretical analysis of 1,742 household farm data,this study uses a multiple linear regression model and propensity score matching method to empirically examine the influence of internet use on the allocation of labor resources in family farms and test the robustness of findings.The empirical results show that the use of the internet will lead to a significant decline in the proportion of farmers in family farms,which is positively correlated with the proportion of non-farm employees and self-employed entrepreneurs in family farms.However,the impact of different ways of internet access on the proportion of non-farm employees in family farms and the proportion of self-employed entrepreneurs is different.The use of computers to access the internet has no significant impact on non-agricultural employment,while the use of mobile internet access can significantly promote family farm laborers to choose non-agricultural employment.If family farms that currently do not use mobile Internet access start to use mobile internet access,their proportion of non-agricultural employment will be increased and the magnitude is even greater.Further,only the use of computers and mobile phones to access the internet has a significant positive effect on self-employment.Therefore,this article proposes to further increase the internet penetration rate in rural areas,encourage diversification of internet access methods,and provide subsidies for the purchase of internet equipment to family farms that are in need.